Buku Ajar Mata Kuliah Relasi Antara Aqidah dan Akhlaq

Main Article Content

Dzulfikar Akbar Romadlon
Istikomah

Abstract

Diskusi ini akan dimulai dari pertanyaan mendasar mengenai absolutisme moral. Pertanyaan paling mendasar dalam wacana ini adalah, apakah keyakinan mempengaruhi pandangan seseorang tentang moralitas? Apa yang dimaksud dengan perbuatan yang baik dan yang buruk? Apakah baik/buruk menurut sebagian orang sama dengan menurut yang lainnya? Pertama akan dipaparkan fakta yang berbeda tentang nilai etis di dunia Islam dan di dunia Barat dalam hal etika berpakaian. Dalam Islam wanita wajib mengenakan hijab, berdasarkan kewajiban ini akan banyak ditemui wanita muslimah di dunia Islam yang menggunakan hijab, walaupun ada yang tidak menggunakannya, namun mereka meyakini bahwan menggunakan hijab adalah sesuatu yang baik. Namun, bagi sebagian masyarakat Barat, penggunaan hijab apalagi cadar adalah sesuatu yang buruk, bahkan para feminis mengatakan bahwa hijab adalah pengekangan bagi kebebasan wanita. Sedangkan di Barat adalah hal yang biasa jika wanita mengenakan rok diatas lutut atau baju yang tidak menutupi lengan, bahkan jika di pantai, cukup bagi wanita untuk mengenakan bikini saja. Tentunya pakaian semacam ini diharamkan dalam ajaran Islam dan dianggap tidak etis bagi masyarakat Islam.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

Metrics

Metrics Loading ...

Article Details

How to Cite
Romadlon, D. A., & Istikomah. (2021). Buku Ajar Mata Kuliah Relasi Antara Aqidah dan Akhlaq. Umsida Press, 1-185. https://doi.org/10.21070/2019/978-623-7578-14-7
Issue
Section
Buku Ajar

References

’Ashur, Sa’ad ’Abdullah, Mawqifu L-Firaq Al-Islamiyyah Min Af’ali l-’Ibad, 2nd edn (Majallah Al-Jaami’ah Al-Islamiyyah, 2001)
’Imarah, Muhammad, Al-Mu’tazilah Wa Mushkilatu l-Hurriyyah Al-Insaniyyah, 2nd edn (Kairo: Daaru s-Syuruq, 1988)
Abdu r-Rahman Hasan Habankah Al-Maydani, Al-Akhlaq Al-Islamiyyah Wa Ususuha, 5th edn (Damaskus: Daaru l-Qalam, 1999)
Acikgenc, Alparslan, Islamic Science: Towards A Definition, 1st edn (Kuala Lumpur: ISTAC, 1996)
Ad-Dabsy, Muhammad, At-Taqwa Fi l-Qur’ani l-Karim; Dirasah Fi Tafsir Al-Maudu’i, 1st edn (Kairo: Daaru l-Muhaddithin, 2008)
———, Barakat Wa Anwaru L-Qur’an, 1st edn, 2016
Al-’Adhim, Sa’id Abdu, Mafatihu L-Fahmi Wa t-Tadabburi l-Qur’an Wa Tahqiqu n-Najah Fii l-Hayah (Iskandariyyah: Daaru l-Iman, 2005)
———, Manhaju S-Syaikhu l-Islam Ibnu Taymiyyah As-Salafi Wa Da’watuhu Al-Islahi (Iskandariyyah: Daaru l-Iman)
Al-’Asqalani, Ahmad bin ’Ali bin Hajar, Fathu L-Bari Sharhu Sahih Al-Bukhari, ed. by Muhammad Fu’ad Abdul Baqi, Muhibbu d-Din Al-Khatib, and Abdu l-Azizi bin Abdullah bin Baz (Beirut: Daaru l-Ma’arif)
Al-’Imrani, Yahya bin Abi l-Khayr, Al-Intishar Fi Raddi ’ala l-Qadariyyah Wa l-Mu’tazilah Al-Ashrar (Madinah: Daaru Adwa’u s-Salaf)
Al-Ahmadi, ’Abdu l-Ilah bin Sulayman bin Salim, Al-Masa’il Wa r-Rasa’il Al-Marwiyyah Min Al-Imam Ahmad Bin Hanbal Fi l-’Aqidah, 1st edn (Riyad: Daar Tayyibah, 1991)
Al-Ash’ari, Abu Hasan, Al-Ibanah ’an Ushuli d-Diyanah, 5th edn (Madinah: Al-Mamlakah Al-Su’udiyyah Al-’Arabiyyah)
———, Al-Luma’ Fi Raddi ‘Ala Ahli z-Zayghi Wa l-Bida’, ed. by Hamudah Gharabah (Mesir: Maktabah Mishr, Shirkah Sahimah Misriyyah, 1955)
Al-Ashbani, Abu Na’im, Ma’rifatu s-Shahabah, ed. by ’Adil bin Yusuf Al-’Azazi (Riyad: Daaru l-Watan lii n-Nashr)
Al-Ashqari, Umar Sulaiman, Al-‘Aqidah ‘Ala Dau’i l-Kitab Wa Sunnah, 12th edn (Jordan: Al-Nafaes, 1999)
———, At-Taqwa; Ta’rifuha Wa Fadluha Wa Mahdhuratuha Wa Qishashu Min Ahwaliha, 1st edn (Omman: Daaru n-Nafa’is, 2012)
Al-Attas, Syed Muhammad Naquib, Islam and Secularism, 2nd edn (Kuala Lumpur: ISTAC, 1993)
———, Prolegomena to The Metaphysic of Islam: An Exposition of The Fundamental Elements of The Worldview of Islam, 1st edn (Kuala Lumpur: ISTAC, 1995)
Al-Badawi, Abdu r-Rahman, Madhahibu L-Islamiyyin (Beirut: Daaru l-’Ulum li l-Maliyyin, 1997)
Al-Bayhaqi, Abu Bakar Ahmad bin Al-Husain, Al-Jami’ Li s-Shu’abi l-Iman, ed. by Abdu l-Ali Abdul l-Hamid Hamid, 1st edn (Riyad: Maktabah Al-Rushd, 2003)
Al-Bukhari, Muhammad bin Ismail Abu Abdullah, Al-Jaami’ Al-Sahiih Al-Mukhtashar Min Umuuri Rasuulillahi SWT Wa Sunanihi Wa Ayyaamihi, Sahih l-Bukhari, ed. by محمد زهير بن ناصر الناصر and Muhammad Zuhayr bin Naashir Al-Naashir, 1st edn (Damaskus: Daaru t-Tauqi n-Najaah, 2001)
Al-Farabi, Abu Nashr, Araa’u Ahli l-Madinah Al-Fadilah Wa Madhadatuha, ed. by Ali bu Mulham, 1st edn (Beirut: Daar wa Maktabah Al-Hilal, 1995)
———, Kitabu S-Siyasah Al-Madinah, ed. by Ali bu Mulham (Beirut: Daar wa Maktabah Al-Hilal)
Al-Faruqi, Ismail Raji, Islamization of Knowledge: General Principles and Work Plan, 3rd edn (Virgiana: IIIT, 1997)
Al-Fuyumi, Muhammad Ibrahim, Syaikh Ahlu S-Sunnah Wa l-Jama’ah Al-Imam Abu l-Hasan Al-Ash’ari; Fahs Naqdy Li ’Ilmi l-Kalam Al-Islamy, ed. by 2003, 1st edn (Kairo: Daaru l-Fikri Al-’Araby, 2003)
Al-Ghazali, Abu Hamid Muhammad bin Muhammad, Ihya’ Ulumuddin, 1st edn (Beirut: Daar Ibnu Hazm, 2005)
Al-Hanbali, Al-Qadi Abu Ya’la Muhammad Husain Al-Farra’, Kitabu T-Tawakkal, ed. by Yusuf binn ’Ali At-Tarif, 1st edn (Riyad: Daaru l-Mayman, 2014)
Al-Jaza’iri, Abu Bakar, ‘Aqidatu l-Mu’Min (Kairo: Daaru l-Aqidah, 2004)
Al-Jurjani, Ali Bin Muhammad, Al-Ta’rifat, 1st edn (Beirut: Maktabah Lubnan, 1985)
Al-Juwayni, Imam Al-Haramain, Kitabu L-Irshad Ila Qawati’i l-Adillah Fii Ushuli l-I’tiqad, ed. by Muhammad Yusuf Musa and Ali Abdu l-Mun’im Abdul-Hamid (Mesir: Matba’ah Al-Sa’adah, 1950)
Al-Katsir, ‘Imad al-Din Abi al-Fida’ ‘Isma’il Ibn, Tafsir Al-Quran Al-‘Adzim, 1st edn (Kairo: Al-Faruq al-Hadits, 2000)
Al-Khallali, Abu Bakar Ahmad bin Muhammad bin Harun, Al-Hathu ’ala t-Tijarah Wa s-Shina’ah Wa l-’Aamal Wa l-Inkar ’Ala Man Yadda’i At-Tawakkal Fii Tarki l-’Amal Wa l-Hujjah ’Alayhim Fii Dhalika, 1st edn (Riyad: Daaru l-’Ashimah)
Al-Kharraz, Khalid bin Jum’ah bin Uthman, Mausu’atu l-Akhlaq, 1st edn (Kuwait: Maktabah Ahli l-Athar, 2009)
Al-Mahdili, Muhammad ‘Aqil Bin ‘Ali, Dirasatun Fi L-Sam’iyyat, 1st edn (Kairo: Dar l-Hadits, 1996)
Al-Maqrizi, Taqiyuddin Ahmad bin Ali, Tajridu T-Tauhid Al-Mufid (Kairo: Markaz l-Kitab li n-Nashr)
Al-Maturidi, Abu Manshur Muhammad bin Muhammad, Kitab At-Tauhid (Beirut: Daar Shadir, 2001)
———, Tafsir Al-Maturidi; Ta’wilat Ahli s-Sunnah, ed. by Majdi Baslum, 1st edn (Beirut: Daaru l-Kutub al-Ilmiyyah, 2005)
Al-Maududi, Abu l-A’laa, Al-Hijab, 2nd edn (Damaskus: Daaru l-Fikri, 1964)
Al-Mawardi, Abu Hasan Ali bin Muhammad, A’laamu n-Nubuwwah, 1st edn (Beirut: Daaru l-Kutub al-Ilmiyyah, 1986)
Al-Mu’tazili, Abdu l-Qadi Abdu l-Jabbar Al-Asadi Al-Aabaadi Al-Hamdani, Al-Mughni Fi Abwabi t-Tauhid Wa l-’Adl (Mesir: Wizarah Al-Thaqafah Al-Mishriyyah)
———, Sharh Ushuli L-Khamsah, 3rd edn (Mesir: Maktabah Wahbah, 1996)
Al-Muhsin, ‘Abdu Al-Razzaq bin Abdu, No Title, Al-Qaul Al-Sadid Fi Ar-Raddi ‘Ala Man Ankara Taqsima t-Tauhid, Cet: 1 (Riyad: Dar Ibnu l-Qayyim, 2003)
Al-Munjid, Muhammad Shalih, A’malu l-Qulub; At-Taqwa, 1st edn (Jeddah: Zad Group, 2009)
Al-Qadi, Yasir, Maqalat Al-Jahm Bin Shafwan Wa Atharuha Fi l-Firaq Al-Islami, 1st edn (Riyad: Daaru Adwa’u s-Salaf, 2005)
Al-Qahtani, Sa’id bin ‘Ali bin Wahf, Nur T-Tauhid Wa Dhulmatu s-Shirk Fi Dau’i l-Kitab Wa s-Sunnah, 3rd edn (Riyad: Maktabah Malik Fahd, 2000)
Al-Qushairi, Abu l-Qasim, Al-Risalah Al-Qushairiyyah, ed. by Abdu l-Halim Mahmud (Kairo: Daaru s-Sha’b, 1989)
Al-Razi, Fakhr al-Din, Tafsir Al-Fakhr Al-Razi Al-Mushtahir Bi-Tafsir Al-Kabir Mafatih Al-Ghaib, 1st edn (Beirut: Dar al-Fikr, 1981)
Al-Razi, Fakhru d-Din Muhammad bin Umar, Kitabu N-Nafsi Wa r-Ruhi Wa Sharhu Quwaha, ed. by Muhammad Shagir Al-Ma’shumi (Islamabad-Pakistan: Ma’had Al-Abhath Al-Islamiyyah)
Al-Sanusi, Abu Abdullah Muhammad Bin Yusuf, Sharhu L-Muqaddimat, ed. by Nazar Hamadi, 1st edn (Riyad: Maktabah l-Ma’arif, 2009)
Al-Subhani, Syeikh Ja’far, Ar-Risalah Fii t-Tahsin Wa t-Taqbih, 1st edn (Qom: Mu’assasah Al-Imam As-Shadiq, 1999)
Al-Syahrani, Ayid bin Abdullah bin Abdu l-’Aziz, At-Tahsin Wa At-Taqbih Aqliyani Wa Atharuhuma Fii Masaa’ili Ushuli l-Fiqh Ma’a Munaqashah Al-’Ilmiyyah Li Ushuli l-Madrasah Al-’Aqliyyah Al-Hadithah, 1st edn (Riyad: Daaru l-Kunuz Ishbelia, 2008)
Al-Tarifi, Abdu l-Aziz Marzuq, Al-Hijab Fi l-Shar’ Wa l-Fitrah, 1st edn (Riyad: Maktabah Darul Manhaj)
Al-Thabari, Abi Ja’far Muhammad Ibn Jarir, Tafsir Al-Thabari Jami’ Al-Bayan ’an Ta’wil Ay Al-Quran, 1st edn (Kairo: Dar al-Hijr, 2001)
Al-Tirmidzi, Abu Isa, Sunan Al-Tirmidzi, ed. by Ahmad Muhammad Syakir - Muhammad Fuad Abdul Baqi (Mesir: Shirkah Maktabah wa Matba’ah Al-Babi Al Halbi, 1985)
Al-Tusi, Abu Nasr Sarraj, Al-Luma’ (Mesir: Daaru l-Kutub al-Hadithah, 1960)
Al-Wali, Husain, Kitab Kalimatu T-Tauhid, 1st edn (Mesir: Maktabah Al-Wa’idz, 1908)
Al-Zabidi, Muhammad Murtadha Al-Husaini, Taaju L-’Aruus Min Jawahiri l-Qamus, ed. by Musthafa Hijazi, 2nd edn (Kuwait: Matba’ah Hukumah Kuwait, 1987)
Al-Zamakhsyari, Abu Qasim Mahmud bin Umar, Al-Kasyaf Fi Haqaiqi Ghawamidi t-Tanzil, Wa ’Uyuni l-Aqawil Fii Wujuhi t-Ta’wil, 1st edn (Riyad: Maktabah Al Abykan, 1998)
An-Nawawi, Abu Zakariyya Yahya bin Sharifu d-Din As-Syafi’i, At-Tibyan Fii Adab Hamlati l-Qur’an, ed. by Bashir Muhammad ’Uyun, 1st edn (Beirut: Maktabah Al Mu’ayyad, 1991)
Aristotle, Aristotle’s Metaphysics, ed. by W. D. Ross (Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1924)
———, The Nicomachean Ethics, ed. by F.H. Peters, 4th edn (London: Kegan Paul, Trench, Trubner & co., ltd., 1891)
Armstrong, Karen, A History of God: The 4,000-Year Quest of Judaism, Christianity and Islam, 1st edn (New York: Ballantine Books, 1994)
As-Syaukani, Muhammad Bin Ali, Irshadu L-Tsiqah Ila Ittifaqi s-Shara’i’ ‘Ala l-Tawhid Wa l-Ma’Ad Wa l- Nubuwat, 1st edn (Beirut: Daaru l-Kutub al-Ilmiyyah, 1984)
At-Tamimi, Muhammad Khalifah Bin Ali, Huququ N-Nabiy ’ala Ummatihi Fii Dau’i l-Kitab Wa s-Sunnah, 1st edn (Riyad: Adwa’u s-Salaf, 1997)
At-Thabari, Abu Ja’far bin Jarir, Sahih Tarikhu T-Thabari, 1st edn (Beirut: Dar Ibnu Kathir, 2007)
———, Tafsir At-Thabari, Jami’u l-Bayan ‘an Ta’Wil Ay l-Qur’an, 1st edn (Kairo: Dar Hijr, 2001)
Avicenna, Ibnu Sina, ’Uyunu l-Hikmah, ed. by Abdu r-Rahman Al-Badawi, 2nd edn (Beirut: Daaru l-Qalam, 1980)
Avicenna, Ibnu Sina, and Abu Nasr At-Tusi, Al-Isharat Wa At-Tanbihat Vol IV, Fi t-Tasawuf, ed. by Sulayman Dunya, 2nd edn (Mesir: Daaru l-Ma’arif, 1968)
Avicenna, Ibnu Sina, and Fadlur Rahman, Avicenna’s De Anima (Arabic Text) Being The Psychological Part of Kitab Al-Shifa’, ed. by Fadlur Rahman (London: Oxford University Press, 1959)
Ayub, Hasan, Tabsit L-Aqa’id l-Islamiyyah, 5th edn (Beirut: Daaru n-Nadwah al-Jadidah, 1983)
Bajah, Abu Bakar Muhammmad Bin, Kitab An-Nafs, ed. by Muhammad Shaghir Hasan Al-Ma’shumi, 2nd edn (Beirut: Daar Shadir, 1992)
Bucaille, Maurice, The Bible, The Qur’an and Science, ed. by Alastair D. Pannel and Maurice Bucaille (Lahore: Kazi Publications)
Cécile Laborde, Critical Republicanism: The Hijab Controversy and Political Philosophy, 1st edn (New York: Oxford University Press, 2008)
Darwish, Nonie, Cruel and Usual Punishment (Nashville: Thomas Nelson.Inc, 2008)
Descartes, René, Meditation on First Philosophy With Selections from the Objections and Replies, ed. by Michael Moriarty, 1st edn (New York: Oxford University Press, 2008)
Dunya, Abu, At-Tawakkal ’ala Allah, 1st edn (Beirut: Daaru l-Basha’ir Al-Islamiyyah, 1987)
———, Makarimu L-Akhlaq (Bulaq: Maktabah Al-Qur’an, 1990)
Fowlers, H.W., Oxford Fowler’s Modern English Usage, ed. by Sir Ernest Gower, 2nd edn (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1985)
Gharabah, Mahmud, Abu L-Hasan Al-Ash’ari (Kairo: Al-Matabi’ Al-Amiriyyah, 1983)
Grace, Daphne, The Woman in the Muslim Mask, 1st edn (London: Pluto Press, 2004)
Hamka, Dari Perbendaharaan Lama, 2nd edn (Jakarta: Pustaka Panjimas, 1982)
Hawa, Sa’id, Al-Asas Fi s-Sunnah Wa Fiqhuha, 2nd edn (Kairo: Daaru s-Salam, 1992)
Herdt, Gilbert, Moral Panics, Sex Panics: Fear and Fight over Sexual Rights, ed. by Gilbert Herdt (New York: New York University Press, 2009)
Honderich, Ted, The Oxford Companion to Philosophy, 2nd edn (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2005)
Ibn ‘Athiyah, Abu Muhammad ‘Abdu al-Haq Ibn al-Ghalib, Al-Muharrar Al-Wajiz Fi Tafsir Al-Kitab Al-‘Aziz, 1st edn (Beirut: Daaru l-Kutub al-Ilmiyyah, 2001)
Ibn Juziyi, al-Qasim Muhammad Ibn, Al-Tashil Li-‘Ulum Al-Tanzil, 1st edn (Beirut: Daaru l-Kutub al-Ilmiyyah, 1998)
Ibnu l-Qayyim Al-Jawziyyah, Abu Abdillah Muhammad bin Abi Bakr Bin Ayyub, Madariju S-Salikin Bayna Manazili Iyyaka Na’budu Wa Iyyaka Nasta’in, ed. by Muhammad Hamid Al-Fiqi (Beirut: Daaru l-Kutub al-‘Arabi)
———, Miftahu D-Daru s-Sa’adah Wa Manshur Wilayatu l-’Ilmi Wa l-Iradah (Beirut: Daaru l-Kutub al-Ilmiyyah, 1998)
———, Shifa’u l-’Alil Fi Masa’ili l-Qada’ Wa l-Qadar Wa l-Hikmah Wa t-Ta’lil (Kairo: Maktabah Daaru t-Turath)
Ibnu Taimiyyah, Taqiyuddin Ahmad, Al-Fatawa Al-Humiyyah Al-Kubra, ed. by Hamad bin Abdu l-Muhsin At-Taujiri, 2nd edn (Riyad: Daaru s-Shami’i, 2004)
———, Al-Mustadrak ’ala Majmu’i l-Fatawa: Al-Mujallad Al-Awwal Mina l-’Aqa’id Ila t-Tafsir (Saudi)
———, Kitab Al-Raddu ’Ala l-Mantiqiyyin, ed. by Sayyid Sulayman Al-Nadawi, Abdu s-Samad Sharafu d-Din Al-Katibi, and Muhammad Talhah Bilal Minar, 1st edn (Beirut: Mu’assasah Al-Rayyan, 2005)
———, Majmu’ Fatawa (Kairo: Daru l-Wafa’, 2005)
Isma’il Bin Hammad Al-Jawhari, Al-Sihhah, Taaj Ul-Lughah Wa Sihhahu l-Arabiyyah, ed. by Ahmad Abdul Ghafur Al-Attar, 4th edn (Beirut: Daaru l-Alam li l Malayiin, 1990)
James W. Sire, The Universe Next Door: A Basic Worldview Catalog, 5th edn (Illionis: InterVarsity Press, 2009)
James, William, The Varieties of Religious Experience a Study in Human Nature (New York: The Modern Library, 1902)
Kathir, Isma’il bin, Al-Bidaayah Wa n-Nihaayah, 1st edn (Giza: Daaru l-Hijr, 1997)
Khan, Wahidu d-Din, Al-Islam Yatahadda, ed. by Zafarul Islam Khan, 4th edn (New Delhi: Goodword Books, 2005)
L-Wahhab, Ya’qub bin Abdu, Qo’idah ‘Al-’Adah Muhakkamah’: Dirasah Ta’siliyyah, Tatbiqiyyah, 2nd edn (Riyad: Maktabah Rusyd, 2012)
Law, Stephen, Philosophy: History, Ideas, Theories, Who’s Who, How to Think, 1st edn (London: Dorling Kindersley, 2007)
Majah, Ibnu, Sunan Ibnu Majah, 1st edn (Riyad: Maktabah l-Ma’arif)
Mandzur, Ibnu, Lisaanu L-’Arab (Kairo: Daaru l-Ma’arif)
Marnia Lazerg, Questioning the Veil: Open Letters to Muslim Women (Princenton: Princenton University Press, 2019
Miskawaih, Ibnu, Tahdhibu L-Akhlaq, ed. by Imad Al-Hilali (Beirut: Manshurat Jamal, 2011)
———, Tahdzibu L-Akhlaq Wa Tathiru l-A’raq, 1st edn (Beirut: Daaru l-Kutub, 1985)
Muhammadiyah, PP, Himpunan Putusan Tarjih Muhammadiyah (HPT) (Yogyakarta: Suara Muhammadiyah, 2011)
Muslim, Al-Musnad Al-Sahih Al-Mukhtasar Bi Naqli l-Adli Mina l-Adli Ila Rasulillahi, ed. by Muhammad Fu’ad Abdu L-Baqi (Bairut: Daaru l-Ihya’u t-Turath Al Arabi)
Naugle, David Keith, ‘The History and Theory of the Concept Weltanschauung’ (The University of Texas, 1998)
Nietzsche, Friedrich W., Thus Spake Zarathustra, ed. by Thomas Common (USA: The Modern Libarary)
Panichas, Lori Gruen and George E., Sex, Morality and The Law (New York: Routledge, 1997)
Perry, Michael J., Morality, Politics, and Law, 1st edn (New York: Oxford University Press, 1998)
Plotinus, Enneads, ed. by A.H. Armstrong (London: Harvard University Press, 1988)
Qardawi, Yusuf, Al-Halal-Wa l-Haram Fi l-Islam, 22nd edn (Kairo: Maktabah Wahbah, 1997)
Qutb, Sayyid, Khasais At-Tasawwur Al-Islami Wa Maqumatuhu, 5th edn (Beirut: Daaru s-Syuruq, 1997)
Russel, Bertrand, History of Western Philosophy and Its Connection With Political and Social Circumstances From the Earliest Times to The Present Days, 2nd edn (New York: George Allen and Unwin LTD, 1949)
Rusyd, Ibnu, Al-Kasyf Fi Manahiji l-Adillah Fi Aqa’idi l-Millah, ed. by Muhammad Abid Al-Jabiri, 1st edn (Beirut: Markaz Daru l-Wihdah Al-Arabiyyah, 1998)
Sims, Martha C., Living Folklore: An Introduction to the Study of People and Their Traditions (Logan, Utah: Utah State University Press, 2005)
Sire, James W., Naming the Elephant: Worldview as a Concept (Illionis: Intervarsity Press, 2010)
Smart, Ninian, Worldviews Cultural Exploraties of Human Biliefs, 2nd edn (New York: Charles Scribner’s Sons)
Spielvogel, Jackson J., Western Civilization, 7th edn (Canada: Thomson Wadsworth)
Steinhart, Eric, On Nietzsche (USA: Wadsworth, 2000)
Tufail, Ibnu, ‘Hayy Bin Yaqdzan’, in Hayy Bin Yaqdzan Li Ibni Sina Wa Ibni Tufail Wa Al-Suhrawardi, ed. by Ahmad Amin, Muhammad Azb, and Sulayman Al-Attar, 4th edn (Beirut: Daaru l-Ma’arif, 2007)
Yasri, Muhammad, ‘Ilmu t-Tauhid ‘Inda Ahl s-Sunnah Wa l-Jama’Ah, 1st edn (سلسلة المدخل المفيد إلى علم التوحيد 1, 2004)
Yusuf, Hanim Ibrahim, Ashlu L-’Adl ’inda l-Mu’tazilah, 1st edn (Nasr: Daaru l-fikri Al-’Araby, 1993)
Zakariya, Abu Bakar Muhammad, As-Shirk Fi l-Qadim Wa l-Hadith Juz : 1, 1st edn ((Riyadh: Maktabatu r-Rushdi, 2000)
Zarkasyi, Amal Fathullah, Ilmu L-Kalam; Tarikhu l-Madhahib Al-Islamiyyah Wa Qadayaha Al-Kalamiyyah (Ponorogo: Jaami’atu d-Daaru s-Salaam, 2006)