Status Dan Mitigasi Dini Serangan Penyakit Pinus Di Jawa Timur
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Aug 28, 2021
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Buku ini disusun berdasarkan hasil penelitian observasi dan eksperimental serta kajian literatur yang bersumber pada berbagai artikel jurnal nasional dan Internasional relevan terkait.Penyiapan bioteknologi bagi agroforestri berbasis model tumpangsari tanaman muda pinus dan hortikultur yang memiliki fungis mitigasi serangan penyakit oleh soil borne pathogen di masa depan adalah merupakan nilai kebaruan dalam penelitian ini .
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Sutarman. (2021). Status Dan Mitigasi Dini Serangan Penyakit Pinus Di Jawa Timur. Umsida Press, 1-63. https://doi.org/10.21070/2018/978-979-3401-99-7
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References
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Sutarman, Achmad, & Hadi S. 2001. Penyakit hawar daun bibit Pinus merkusii di pesemaian. Agritek 9: 1419-1427
Sutarman, S. Hadi, A. Saefuddin, Achmad, & A. Suryani. 2004. Epidemiologi hawar daun bibit Pinus merkusii yang disebabkan oleh Pestalotia theae. J. Manajemen Hutan Tropika 10 (1): 43-60
Canon P. 1997. Report on fungi from diseased Acacia samples examined at Institute of Horticultural Development, Knoxfield Victoria. Hlm. 108-113 dalam Proceedings of an International Workshops held at Subanjeriji (South Sumatra); Subanjeriji; 28 April - 3 May 1996. Old KM, See LS, Sharma JK (peny.). Bogor: Cifor Special Publication
Old KM. 1997. Diseases of tropical acacias in Torthern Queensland. Hlm. 1-22 dalam Proceedings of an International Workshop held at Subanjeriji (South Sumatra); Subanjeriji; 28 April - 3 May 1996
Sharma JK & Florence EJM. 1997. Fungal pathogens as a potential threat to tropical acacias: case study of India. Hlm. 70-107 dalam Proceedings of an International Workshop held at Subanjeriji (South Sumatra); Subanjeriji; 28 April - 3 May 1996. Old KM, See LS, Sharma JK (peny.). Bogor: Cifor Special Publication
Sutarman, S. Hadi, A. Suryani, Achmad, & A. Saefuddin. 2004. Patogenesis hawar daun bibit Pinus merkusii yang disebabkan oleh Pestalotia theae di pesemaian. J. Hama dan Penyakit Tumbuhan Tropika 4(1): 32-41
Yulida M. 2016. Ini Jurus Kementan dan F AO Agar Lahan Kering Bisa Digarap Petani.https://finance.detik.com/ekonomibisnis/3364375/inijurus kementan danfaoagarlahan keringbisadigarappetan. Diakses 2 Mei 2017
Katadata. 2017. Pemanfaatan 36,8 juta hektare lahan pertanian belum maksimal. http://katadata.co.id/berita/2016/12/07/jokowipemanfaatan 368juta hektarelahanpertanian belummaksimal. Diakses 22 April 2017
Sukarno A., Hardiyanto E.B., Marsoem S.N., & Na’iem M. 2013. Correlation of drill size defferences on resin production of Pinus merkusii Jungh Et De Vriese. J-PAL 4 (1): 38-42
Pemprov Jawa Timur. 2005. Peraturan Daerah Propinsi Jawa Timur Nomor 6 Tahun 2005 tentang Penertiban dan Pengendalian Hutan Produksi di Propinsi Jawa Timur
Achmad, S. Hadi, EG Sa’id, B. Satiawihardja, MK Kardin, & Harran S. 1999. The potential use of two species of Trichoderma for the biological control o damping-off on Pinus merkusii. Hal. 103-107 dalam Proceedings of Manila Workshop. RE De la Cruz, M Follosco, K Ishii (peny.). Manila, Philippines BIIO REFOR/IUFRO/SPDC
Ginting C dan Maryono T. 2012. Penurunan keparahan penyakit busuk pangkal batang pada lada akibat aplikasi bahan organic dan Trichoderma harzianum. J. HPT Tropika 12:162-168
Nurudin MJ & Sutarman. 2014. Potensi Trichoderma sp. sebagai penegndali Phytopthora palmivora penyebab hawar daun bibit kakao. J. Nabatia 11 (1):21-28
Achmad, S Hadi, S Harran, EG Sa’id, B Satiawihardja, & Kardin MK. 1997. Biochemical Defence Of Pinus merkusii Seedlings Against Damping-Off Pathogens. Hal. 237-240 dalam Proceedings of Brisbane Workshop. J Kikkawa, P Dart, D Doley, K Ishii, D Lamb, K Suzuki (peny.). Brisbane, Australia BIIO REFOR/IUFRO/SPDC
Rahayu, S. 2000. Potensi ektomikoriza dalam menurunkan intensitas penyakit busuk akar dan kering pucuk pada semai Pinus merkusii. Hlm. 147-153 dalam Prosiding Hasil Seminar Nasional Mikoriza I; Bogor; 15-16 November 1999. Anonim (peny,). Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Hutan. Bogor
Bailey MJ & Pessa E. 1990. Strain and process for production of polygalacturonase. Enzyme Microb. Technol. 12: 266-271
Huber L & Gillespie TJ. 1992. Modelling leaf wetness in relation to plant disease epidemiology. Annu. Rev. Phytopathol. 30: 553-577
Abbas HK, Egley GH, & Paul RN. 1995. Effect of conidia production temperature on germination and infectivity of Alternaria helianthi. Phytopathology 85: 677-682
DeVallavieille-Pope C, Huber L, Leconte M, & Goyeau H. 1995. Comparative effects of temperature and interrupted wet periods on germination, penetration, and infection of Puccinia recondita f. sp. tritici and P. striformis on wheat seedlings. Phytopathology 85: 409-415
Gilles T, Fitt BD dan Jeger MJ. 2001. Effect of environmental factors on development of Pyrenopeziza brassicae (light leaf spot) apothecia on oilseed rape debris. Phytopathology 91: 392-398
Agrios GN. 1997. Plant pathology. Edisi ke-4. Academic Press. San Diego
Dix NJ dan Webster J. 1995. Fungal ecology. Chapman & Hall. London
Sutarman, Hadi S, Achmad, Suryani, A & Saefuddin A. 2004. Sumber inokulum patogen hawar daun bibit Pinus merkusii di pesemaian. J. Nabatia 1 (2): 267-77
Sulistyowati L, NL Hamidah, & S. Djauhari. 1999. Pengaruh jenis dan masa peram ekstrak kompos pada aplikasi Trichoderma spp. untuk pengendalian penyakit bercak daun apel (Marassoninna soronaria). J. Agritek 7 (1): 8-1
Harman GE, Howel CR, Viterbo A, Chet I, & Lorito M. 2004. Trichoderma species-opportunistc, avirulent plant symbionts, Nature Reviews, Microbiol. 2:43-56
Ginting C & Maryono T. 2011. Efektivitas Trichoderma spp. dengan bahan organic dalam pengendalian penyakit busuk pangkal batang lada. J. HPT Tropika 11:147-156
Howell CR. 2003. Mechanisms employed by Trichoderma species in the biological control of plant diseases: the history and evolution of current concepts. Plant Dis. 87, 4–10
Verma M, Brar SK, Tyagi RD, Surampalli RY, & Valero JR. 2007. Antagonistic fungi, Trichoderma spp.: panoply of biological control. Biochemistry Engineering Journal 37, 1-20
Benítez T, Rincón AM, Limón MC, & Codon A. 2004. Biocontrol mechanisms of Trichoderma strains. Int. Microbiol. 7 (4), 249–260
Harman GE. 2006. Overview of mechanisms and uses of Trichoderma spp. Phytopathology 96, 190–194
Vinale F, Sivasithamparam K, Ghisalberti EL, Marra R, Barbetti MJ, Li H, Woo SL, & Lorito M. 2008. A novel role for Trichoderma secondary metabolites in the interactions with plants. Physiol. Mol. Plant Pathol. 72, 80–86
Gravel V, Antoun H, & Tweddell RJ. 2007. Growth stimulation and fruit yield improvement of greenhouse tomato plants by inoculation with Pseudomonas putida or Trichoderma atroviride: possible role of indole acetic acid (IAA). Soil Biol. Biochem. 39, 1968–1977
Srivastava R., Khalid A, Singh US, & Sharma AK. 2010. Evaluation of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus, fluorescent Pseudomonas and Trichoderma harzianum formulation against Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici for the management of tomato wilt. Biological Control 55, 24-31
Vargas Gil S, Pastorb S, & Marcha GJ. 2009. Quantitative isolation of biocontrol agents Trichoderma spp. Gliocladium spp. and Actinomycetes from soil with culture media. Microbiol. Res. 164, 196–205
Sutarman & Prihartiningrum AE. 2015. Penyakit hawar daun Pinus merkusii di berbagai persemaian kawasan utama hutan pinus Jawa Timur. J. HPT Tropika 15 (1): 44-52
Ginting C. 1997. Screening for fungal biocontrol agents against Phytophthora capsici Leonian (P. Palmivora MF4) causing root rot on black peppr. Hlm, 406-410 dalam Prosiding Kongres dan Seminar Ilmiah Perhimpunan Fitopatologi Indonesia. Kusuma SSH (peny.), 27-28 Oktober 1997. Palembang
Guba EF. 1961. Monograph of Monochaetia and Pestalotia. Harvard Univ. Press. Massachusetts
Achmad, S Hadi, EN Herliyana, & A Setiawan. 1999. Patogenisitas Rhizoctonia solani Pada Semai Pinus merkusii dan Acasia mangium. Jurnal Manajemen Hutan Tropika 1 (1-2): 10-17
Sumardiyono C, Wibowo A, & Suryanti. 2007. Pengendalian penyakit layu pisang dengan Fusarium nonpatogenik dan Fluorescent Pseudomonads. Jurnal Perlindungan Tanaman Indoneia, 13 (2): 142-150
Fadhilah S, Wiyono S & Surahman, M. 2014. Pengembangan teknik deteksi Fusarium patogen pada umbi benih bawang merah (Allium ascalonicum) di laboratorium. J. Hort. 24(2):171-178
Noveriza R, Tombe, Rialdy H, & Manohara D. 2005. Aplikasi Fusarium oxysporum non patogenik (FoNP) untuk menginduksi ketahanan bibit lada terhadap Phytophthora capsici L. Buletin Penelitian Tanaman Rempah dan Obat, 16 (1): 1-11
Isniah US & Widodo. 2015. Eksplorasi Fusarium nonpatogen untuk pengendalian penyakit busuk pangkal pada bawang merah. J Fitopatol Indones, 11 (1): 14-22
Dayana Amira R, Roshanida AR, Rosli MI, Zahrah SFMF, Anuar MJ, & Adha NCM. 2012. Bioconversion of empty fruit bunch (EFB) and palm oil mill effluent(POME) into compost using Trichoderma virens. African Journal of Biotechnology 10, 18775-18780
Yedidiaa I, Benhamoub N, Kapulnikc Y, & Cheta I. 2000. Induction and accumulation of PR proteins activityduring early stages of root colonizationby the mycoparasite Trichoderma harzianum strain T-203. Plant Physiology and Biochemistry 38 (11): 863–873
Al-Taweil HI, Osman MB, Aidil AH, & Wan-Yussof WM. 2009. Optimizing of Trichoderma viride cultivation in submerged state fermentation. Am. J. Appl. Sci. 6, 1277–1281
Chowdappa P, Kumar SPM, Lakshmi MJ, & Upreti KK. 2013. Growth stimulation and induction of systemic resistance in tomato against early and late blght by Bacillus subtilis OTPB1 or Trichoderma harzianum OTPB3. Biol. Control 65, 109–117
Rodriguez HG, Maiti R, & Kumari CA. 2016. Biodiversity of leaf traits in woody plant species in Northeastern Mexico: A Synthesis. Forest Res 5: 169. doi:10.4172/2168-9776.1000169
AlAskar AA & Rashad YM. 2010. Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi: a biocontrol agent against common bean Fusarium root rot disease. Plant Pathol. J. 9, 3138
Dubey SC, Suresha M, & Singha B. 2007. Evaluation of Trichoderma species against Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. ciceris for integrated management of chickpea wilt. Biol. Control 40, 118–127
Saravanakumar K, Yu C, Dou K, Wang M, Li Y, & Chen J. 2016. Synergistic effect of Trichoderma-derived antifungal metabolites and cell wall degrading enzymes on enhanced biocontrol of Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cucumerinum. Biological Control 94 (2016) 37–46
Gerbore J, Benhamou N, Vallance J, Le Floch G, Grizard D, Regnault-Roger C, & Rey P. 2014. Biological control of plant pathogens: advantages and limitations seen through the case study of Pythium oligandrum. Environ. Sci. Pollut. Res. Int. 21, 4847–4860.)
Buysens C, César V, Ferrais F, De Boulois HD, & Declerck S. 2016. Inoculation of Medicago sativa cover crop with Rhizophagus irregularis and Trichoderma harzianum increases the yield of subsequently-grown potato under low nutrient conditions. Applied Soil Ecology 105,137–143
Hu X, Roberts DP, Xie L, Yu C, Li Y, Qin L, Hu L, Zhang Y, & Liao X. 2016. Use of formulated Trichoderma sp. Tri-1 in combination with reducedrates of chemical pesticide for control of Sclerotinia sclerotiorium on oilseed rape. Crop Protection 79, 124-127
Youssef SA, Tartoura KA, & Abdelraouf GA. 2016. Evaluation of Trichoderma harzianum and Serratia proteamaculans effect on disease suppression, stimulation of ROS-scavenging enzymes and improving tomato growth infected by Rhizoctonia solani. Biological Control 100, 79–86
Alguacil MM, Torrecillas E, García-Orenes F, & Roldán A. 2014. Changes in the composition and diversity of AMF communities mediated by management practices in a Mediterranean soil are related with increases in soil biological activity. Soil Biol. Biochem. 76, 34–44
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Sutarman. 1997. Effect of compost to intensity of mychorryzal infection on the roots of Pinus merkusii. J. Agritek 5 (2): 79-90
Widyati E., Irianto R.S.B., Santosa S., Najmullah, & Sutarman. 2001. The impact of carbofuran environmental insecticide against fungi ectomychorryzal Pisolithus arrhizus and Schleroderma columnare inoculated on seedlings of Pinus merkusii Jung et de Vries. J. Agritek 9 (3): 1178—1182
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Barea JM, Palenzuela J, Cornejo P, Sánchez-Castro I, Navarro-Fernández C, Lopéz-García A, Estrada B, Azcón R, Ferrol N. & Azcón-Aguilar C. 2011. Ecological and functional roles of mycorrhizas in semi-arid ecosystems of Southeast Spain. J. Arid Environ. 75, 1292–1301.
Sutarman, Achmad, & Hadi S. 2001. Penyakit hawar daun bibit Pinus merkusii di pesemaian. Agritek 9: 1419-1427
Sutarman, S. Hadi, A. Saefuddin, Achmad, & A. Suryani. 2004. Epidemiologi hawar daun bibit Pinus merkusii yang disebabkan oleh Pestalotia theae. J. Manajemen Hutan Tropika 10 (1): 43-60
Canon P. 1997. Report on fungi from diseased Acacia samples examined at Institute of Horticultural Development, Knoxfield Victoria. Hlm. 108-113 dalam Proceedings of an International Workshops held at Subanjeriji (South Sumatra); Subanjeriji; 28 April - 3 May 1996. Old KM, See LS, Sharma JK (peny.). Bogor: Cifor Special Publication
Old KM. 1997. Diseases of tropical acacias in Torthern Queensland. Hlm. 1-22 dalam Proceedings of an International Workshop held at Subanjeriji (South Sumatra); Subanjeriji; 28 April - 3 May 1996
Sharma JK & Florence EJM. 1997. Fungal pathogens as a potential threat to tropical acacias: case study of India. Hlm. 70-107 dalam Proceedings of an International Workshop held at Subanjeriji (South Sumatra); Subanjeriji; 28 April - 3 May 1996. Old KM, See LS, Sharma JK (peny.). Bogor: Cifor Special Publication
Sutarman, S. Hadi, A. Suryani, Achmad, & A. Saefuddin. 2004. Patogenesis hawar daun bibit Pinus merkusii yang disebabkan oleh Pestalotia theae di pesemaian. J. Hama dan Penyakit Tumbuhan Tropika 4(1): 32-41
Yulida M. 2016. Ini Jurus Kementan dan F AO Agar Lahan Kering Bisa Digarap Petani.https://finance.detik.com/ekonomibisnis/3364375/inijurus kementan danfaoagarlahan keringbisadigarappetan. Diakses 2 Mei 2017
Katadata. 2017. Pemanfaatan 36,8 juta hektare lahan pertanian belum maksimal. http://katadata.co.id/berita/2016/12/07/jokowipemanfaatan 368juta hektarelahanpertanian belummaksimal. Diakses 22 April 2017
Sukarno A., Hardiyanto E.B., Marsoem S.N., & Na’iem M. 2013. Correlation of drill size defferences on resin production of Pinus merkusii Jungh Et De Vriese. J-PAL 4 (1): 38-42
Pemprov Jawa Timur. 2005. Peraturan Daerah Propinsi Jawa Timur Nomor 6 Tahun 2005 tentang Penertiban dan Pengendalian Hutan Produksi di Propinsi Jawa Timur
Achmad, S. Hadi, EG Sa’id, B. Satiawihardja, MK Kardin, & Harran S. 1999. The potential use of two species of Trichoderma for the biological control o damping-off on Pinus merkusii. Hal. 103-107 dalam Proceedings of Manila Workshop. RE De la Cruz, M Follosco, K Ishii (peny.). Manila, Philippines BIIO REFOR/IUFRO/SPDC
Ginting C dan Maryono T. 2012. Penurunan keparahan penyakit busuk pangkal batang pada lada akibat aplikasi bahan organic dan Trichoderma harzianum. J. HPT Tropika 12:162-168
Nurudin MJ & Sutarman. 2014. Potensi Trichoderma sp. sebagai penegndali Phytopthora palmivora penyebab hawar daun bibit kakao. J. Nabatia 11 (1):21-28
Achmad, S Hadi, S Harran, EG Sa’id, B Satiawihardja, & Kardin MK. 1997. Biochemical Defence Of Pinus merkusii Seedlings Against Damping-Off Pathogens. Hal. 237-240 dalam Proceedings of Brisbane Workshop. J Kikkawa, P Dart, D Doley, K Ishii, D Lamb, K Suzuki (peny.). Brisbane, Australia BIIO REFOR/IUFRO/SPDC
Rahayu, S. 2000. Potensi ektomikoriza dalam menurunkan intensitas penyakit busuk akar dan kering pucuk pada semai Pinus merkusii. Hlm. 147-153 dalam Prosiding Hasil Seminar Nasional Mikoriza I; Bogor; 15-16 November 1999. Anonim (peny,). Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Hutan. Bogor
Bailey MJ & Pessa E. 1990. Strain and process for production of polygalacturonase. Enzyme Microb. Technol. 12: 266-271
Huber L & Gillespie TJ. 1992. Modelling leaf wetness in relation to plant disease epidemiology. Annu. Rev. Phytopathol. 30: 553-577
Abbas HK, Egley GH, & Paul RN. 1995. Effect of conidia production temperature on germination and infectivity of Alternaria helianthi. Phytopathology 85: 677-682
DeVallavieille-Pope C, Huber L, Leconte M, & Goyeau H. 1995. Comparative effects of temperature and interrupted wet periods on germination, penetration, and infection of Puccinia recondita f. sp. tritici and P. striformis on wheat seedlings. Phytopathology 85: 409-415
Gilles T, Fitt BD dan Jeger MJ. 2001. Effect of environmental factors on development of Pyrenopeziza brassicae (light leaf spot) apothecia on oilseed rape debris. Phytopathology 91: 392-398
Agrios GN. 1997. Plant pathology. Edisi ke-4. Academic Press. San Diego
Dix NJ dan Webster J. 1995. Fungal ecology. Chapman & Hall. London
Sutarman, Hadi S, Achmad, Suryani, A & Saefuddin A. 2004. Sumber inokulum patogen hawar daun bibit Pinus merkusii di pesemaian. J. Nabatia 1 (2): 267-77
Sulistyowati L, NL Hamidah, & S. Djauhari. 1999. Pengaruh jenis dan masa peram ekstrak kompos pada aplikasi Trichoderma spp. untuk pengendalian penyakit bercak daun apel (Marassoninna soronaria). J. Agritek 7 (1): 8-1
Harman GE, Howel CR, Viterbo A, Chet I, & Lorito M. 2004. Trichoderma species-opportunistc, avirulent plant symbionts, Nature Reviews, Microbiol. 2:43-56
Ginting C & Maryono T. 2011. Efektivitas Trichoderma spp. dengan bahan organic dalam pengendalian penyakit busuk pangkal batang lada. J. HPT Tropika 11:147-156
Howell CR. 2003. Mechanisms employed by Trichoderma species in the biological control of plant diseases: the history and evolution of current concepts. Plant Dis. 87, 4–10
Verma M, Brar SK, Tyagi RD, Surampalli RY, & Valero JR. 2007. Antagonistic fungi, Trichoderma spp.: panoply of biological control. Biochemistry Engineering Journal 37, 1-20
Benítez T, Rincón AM, Limón MC, & Codon A. 2004. Biocontrol mechanisms of Trichoderma strains. Int. Microbiol. 7 (4), 249–260
Harman GE. 2006. Overview of mechanisms and uses of Trichoderma spp. Phytopathology 96, 190–194
Vinale F, Sivasithamparam K, Ghisalberti EL, Marra R, Barbetti MJ, Li H, Woo SL, & Lorito M. 2008. A novel role for Trichoderma secondary metabolites in the interactions with plants. Physiol. Mol. Plant Pathol. 72, 80–86
Gravel V, Antoun H, & Tweddell RJ. 2007. Growth stimulation and fruit yield improvement of greenhouse tomato plants by inoculation with Pseudomonas putida or Trichoderma atroviride: possible role of indole acetic acid (IAA). Soil Biol. Biochem. 39, 1968–1977
Srivastava R., Khalid A, Singh US, & Sharma AK. 2010. Evaluation of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus, fluorescent Pseudomonas and Trichoderma harzianum formulation against Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici for the management of tomato wilt. Biological Control 55, 24-31
Vargas Gil S, Pastorb S, & Marcha GJ. 2009. Quantitative isolation of biocontrol agents Trichoderma spp. Gliocladium spp. and Actinomycetes from soil with culture media. Microbiol. Res. 164, 196–205
Sutarman & Prihartiningrum AE. 2015. Penyakit hawar daun Pinus merkusii di berbagai persemaian kawasan utama hutan pinus Jawa Timur. J. HPT Tropika 15 (1): 44-52
Ginting C. 1997. Screening for fungal biocontrol agents against Phytophthora capsici Leonian (P. Palmivora MF4) causing root rot on black peppr. Hlm, 406-410 dalam Prosiding Kongres dan Seminar Ilmiah Perhimpunan Fitopatologi Indonesia. Kusuma SSH (peny.), 27-28 Oktober 1997. Palembang
Guba EF. 1961. Monograph of Monochaetia and Pestalotia. Harvard Univ. Press. Massachusetts
Achmad, S Hadi, EN Herliyana, & A Setiawan. 1999. Patogenisitas Rhizoctonia solani Pada Semai Pinus merkusii dan Acasia mangium. Jurnal Manajemen Hutan Tropika 1 (1-2): 10-17
Sumardiyono C, Wibowo A, & Suryanti. 2007. Pengendalian penyakit layu pisang dengan Fusarium nonpatogenik dan Fluorescent Pseudomonads. Jurnal Perlindungan Tanaman Indoneia, 13 (2): 142-150
Fadhilah S, Wiyono S & Surahman, M. 2014. Pengembangan teknik deteksi Fusarium patogen pada umbi benih bawang merah (Allium ascalonicum) di laboratorium. J. Hort. 24(2):171-178
Noveriza R, Tombe, Rialdy H, & Manohara D. 2005. Aplikasi Fusarium oxysporum non patogenik (FoNP) untuk menginduksi ketahanan bibit lada terhadap Phytophthora capsici L. Buletin Penelitian Tanaman Rempah dan Obat, 16 (1): 1-11
Isniah US & Widodo. 2015. Eksplorasi Fusarium nonpatogen untuk pengendalian penyakit busuk pangkal pada bawang merah. J Fitopatol Indones, 11 (1): 14-22
Dayana Amira R, Roshanida AR, Rosli MI, Zahrah SFMF, Anuar MJ, & Adha NCM. 2012. Bioconversion of empty fruit bunch (EFB) and palm oil mill effluent(POME) into compost using Trichoderma virens. African Journal of Biotechnology 10, 18775-18780
Yedidiaa I, Benhamoub N, Kapulnikc Y, & Cheta I. 2000. Induction and accumulation of PR proteins activityduring early stages of root colonizationby the mycoparasite Trichoderma harzianum strain T-203. Plant Physiology and Biochemistry 38 (11): 863–873
Al-Taweil HI, Osman MB, Aidil AH, & Wan-Yussof WM. 2009. Optimizing of Trichoderma viride cultivation in submerged state fermentation. Am. J. Appl. Sci. 6, 1277–1281
Chowdappa P, Kumar SPM, Lakshmi MJ, & Upreti KK. 2013. Growth stimulation and induction of systemic resistance in tomato against early and late blght by Bacillus subtilis OTPB1 or Trichoderma harzianum OTPB3. Biol. Control 65, 109–117
Rodriguez HG, Maiti R, & Kumari CA. 2016. Biodiversity of leaf traits in woody plant species in Northeastern Mexico: A Synthesis. Forest Res 5: 169. doi:10.4172/2168-9776.1000169
AlAskar AA & Rashad YM. 2010. Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi: a biocontrol agent against common bean Fusarium root rot disease. Plant Pathol. J. 9, 3138
Dubey SC, Suresha M, & Singha B. 2007. Evaluation of Trichoderma species against Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. ciceris for integrated management of chickpea wilt. Biol. Control 40, 118–127
Saravanakumar K, Yu C, Dou K, Wang M, Li Y, & Chen J. 2016. Synergistic effect of Trichoderma-derived antifungal metabolites and cell wall degrading enzymes on enhanced biocontrol of Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cucumerinum. Biological Control 94 (2016) 37–46
Gerbore J, Benhamou N, Vallance J, Le Floch G, Grizard D, Regnault-Roger C, & Rey P. 2014. Biological control of plant pathogens: advantages and limitations seen through the case study of Pythium oligandrum. Environ. Sci. Pollut. Res. Int. 21, 4847–4860.)
Buysens C, César V, Ferrais F, De Boulois HD, & Declerck S. 2016. Inoculation of Medicago sativa cover crop with Rhizophagus irregularis and Trichoderma harzianum increases the yield of subsequently-grown potato under low nutrient conditions. Applied Soil Ecology 105,137–143
Hu X, Roberts DP, Xie L, Yu C, Li Y, Qin L, Hu L, Zhang Y, & Liao X. 2016. Use of formulated Trichoderma sp. Tri-1 in combination with reducedrates of chemical pesticide for control of Sclerotinia sclerotiorium on oilseed rape. Crop Protection 79, 124-127
Youssef SA, Tartoura KA, & Abdelraouf GA. 2016. Evaluation of Trichoderma harzianum and Serratia proteamaculans effect on disease suppression, stimulation of ROS-scavenging enzymes and improving tomato growth infected by Rhizoctonia solani. Biological Control 100, 79–86
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